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[論文新知] 硬皮症可能與腸道菌相不平衡有關

根據加州大學洛杉磯分校(UCLA)和奧斯陸大學(Oslo)的研究人員的一項新研究,美國人和挪威人硬皮症的病患腸道中菌相與正常人相較發言,易發炎細菌有較高含量,以及較低含量的抑制發炎的細菌。
Systemic sclerosis is associated with specific alterations in gastrointestinal microbiota in two independent cohorts. 發表於 BMJ開放取用胃腸病學期刊. 2017 MAY 12 DOI:10.1136 / bmjgast-2017-000134
硬皮症是一種免疫系統疾病,發病原因仍不清楚,主要特徵是結締組織過度增生而沈積在皮膚、血管,造成皮膚緊繃、硬化及血管內壁細胞異常增生,引發血管疾病。但也可能發生於身體其他器官,如:肌肉、關節、內臟。最常出現在皮膚,造成皮膚硬化,故稱硬皮症。約每十萬人中有3-5人有此疾病。尤其是20-40歲的年輕女性較易罹易此病。
研究來自美國與挪威的參與者中的胃腸道細菌組成,發現腸道內“好”和“壞”菌之間的平衡差異大。 研究人員懷疑這差異由於遺傳和飲食的結合所致。 這項由加州大學洛杉磯分校領導的研究,指出了該疾病與腸道菌相不平衡之間的聯繫,並認為這種不平衡對於硬皮病的研究有很大的幫助。
研究人員研究了來自加州大學洛杉磯分校,奧斯陸大學醫院的各17名硬皮症患者,再跟作為對照組的17名健康成年人做比較。 所有,研究人員對參與者提供的糞便標本做檢測,以確定存在的特定細菌的類型和豐富度。 在硬皮症患者中,抑制發炎的腸道菌含量明顯低於對照組,像是擬桿菌屬,糞便桿菌。 而且,一些讓加重發炎徵狀的細菌(腸梭菌)含量高出不少 。 這個研究也發現高含量梭狀芽孢桿菌也會導致一些較輕微的胃腸道症狀。這些發現都可能有助於發現硬皮症的原因。
他們也建議,通過飲食調整,食用益生菌和糞便移植來恢復腸道細菌平衡可能會減少胃腸道症狀並改善硬皮症患者的生活質量。